منابع مشابه
Topical analgesics.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Pain treatment involves the usage of common and opioid analgesics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and adjuvant analgesics. Traditionally, these drugs are administered systemically or into the neuraxis. However, when analgesics are applied through these pathways, they are associated with significant side effects, which can hinder its use. Topical administ...
متن کاملTopical and peripherally acting analgesics.
Acute nociceptive, inflammatory, and neuropathic pain all depend to some degree on the peripheral activation of primary sensory afferent neurons. The localized peripheral administration of drugs, such as by topical application, can potentially optimize drug concentrations at the site of origin of the pain, while leading to lower systemic levels and fewer adverse systemic effects, fewer drug int...
متن کاملRecent Findings Surrounding Topical Antidepressants as Analgesics and Review of Existing and Emerging Topical Analgesics*
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) have been used for chronic pain management for decades; however, their potential use as topical analgesics is an area of new research. This article highlights recent findings relating to the mode of action of TCAs and summarizes results of animal testing of these agents as analgesics. A review of existing and emerging information regarding localized peripheral a...
متن کاملa study of translation of english litrary terms into persian
چکیده هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی ترجمه ی واژه های تخصصی حوزه ی ادبیات به منظور کاوش در زمینه ی ترجمه پذیری آنها و نیز راهکار های به کار رفته توسط سه مترجم فارسی زبان :سیامک بابایی(1386)، سیما داد(1378)،و سعید سبزیان(1384) است. هدف دیگر این مطالعه تحقیق در مورد روش های واژه سازی به کار رفته در ارائه معادل های فارسی واژه های ادبی می باشد. در راستای این اهداف،چارچوب نظری این پژوهش راهکارهای ترجمه ار...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: British Dental Journal
سال: 2001
ISSN: 0007-0610,1476-5373
DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.4800996